第一,低溫環(huán)境對鋼材的影響,在低溫下主要受力構(gòu)件的材料不但要滿足強(qiáng)度的要求,還必須滿足沖擊韌性的要求.低溫受力構(gòu)件的焊接結(jié)構(gòu)形式對焊接熱應(yīng)力、應(yīng)力集中等影響很大,因此升降機(jī)在低溫下應(yīng)選擇合適的結(jié)構(gòu)形式.
First, the influence of low-temperature environment for steel, the main material at a low temperature not only by the force component to meet the strength requirements, must also meet the requirements of toughness. Welded structure in the form of the force components of the low temperature welding thermal stress, stress concentration, etc. great influence, and therefore lift at low temperatures should select the appropriate structure.

第二,低溫環(huán)境對升降機(jī)液壓油、潤滑油脂、柴油的影響,升降機(jī)支腿收放系統(tǒng)和起重作業(yè)的卷揚(yáng)變幅、回轉(zhuǎn)和伸縮等動作均由液壓油作為工作介質(zhì)傳遞動力.液壓油的粘度至關(guān)重要,粘度過高,系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部摩擦阻力增大,壓力損失增多,油溫上升過快,操作時動作滯后;粘度過低,泵的容積效率低,潤滑性能差,零部件間運(yùn)動摩擦阻力增大.液壓油的粘度隨工作溫度而變化,因此選擇低溫用液壓油時應(yīng)特別注意.

Second, the low-temperature environment of lift hydraulic oil, grease luffing winch, the impact of diesel, lift legs retractable system and lifting operations, and other actions by the rotary and retractable hydraulic oil as the working medium to transmit power. Hydraulic oil the viscosity is critical, the viscosity is too high, the internal system friction increases, increasing the pressure loss, the oil temperature rises too fast, when operating action lag; viscosity is too low, the low volumetric efficiency of the pump, poor lubricating properties, movement between parts friction increases viscosity of the hydraulic oil with the operating temperature changes, so the choice should pay particular attention to low-temperature hydraulic oil.

第三,潤滑油,變速箱、分動箱、驅(qū)動橋、卷揚(yáng)機(jī)構(gòu)、回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)在低溫下運(yùn)行時,潤滑油應(yīng)選粘度指數(shù)高、凝點(diǎn)低、潤滑性好的齒輪油,否則會導(dǎo)致傳動效率明顯降低,傳動零件磨損增加,變速箱和分動箱操作沉重,換檔困難.
Third, lubricants, transmission, transfer case, drive axle, winch mechanism, slewing mechanism to run at lower temperatures, the lubricant should be selected high viscosity index, low pour point, good gear lubricating oil, otherwise it will lead to transmission efficiency is significantly reduced, increasing the transmission parts wear, heavy gearbox and transfer case operation and shifting difficulties.